O Linux está fazendo aniversário, fazem 31 anos que Linus anunciou o seu kernel.

31 anos de Linux

Linus Benedict Torvalds é um engenheiro de software, nascido na Finlândia e naturalizado estado-unidense em 2010, criador, e por muito tempo o desenvolvedor mais importante do núcleo Linux, sendo utilizado em importantes sistemas Linux, Android e Chrome OS. Wikipédia

Linus é o criador da Git e do Kernel Linux em 26 de Agosto de 1991 com o anúncio de Linus Torvalds.

Linus Benedict Torvalds 26 de ago. de 1991 08:06:02 para In article 1991Aug25.2...@nntp.hut.fi j...@cs.HUT.FI (Jyrki Kuoppala) writes: >> [re: my post about my new OS] > >Tell us more! Does it need a MMU? Yes, it needs a MMU (sorry everybody), and it specifically needs a 386/486 MMU (see later). > >>PS. Yes - it's free of any minix code, and it has a multi-threaded fs. >>It is NOT protable (uses 386 task switching etc) > >How much of it is in C? What difficulties will there be in porting? >Nobody will believe you about non-portability ;-), and I for one would >like to port it to my Amiga (Mach needs a MMU and Minix is not free). Simply, I'd say that porting is impossible. It's mostly in C, but most people wouldn't call what I write C. It uses every conceivable feature of the 386 I could find, as it was also a project to teach me about the 386. As already mentioned, it uses a MMU, for both paging (not to disk yet) and segmentation. It's the segmentation that makes it REALLY 386 dependent (every task has a 64Mb segment for code & data - max 64 tasks in 4Gb. Anybody who needs more than 64Mb/task - tough cookies). It also uses every feature of gcc I could find, specifically the __asm__ directive, so that I wouldn't need so much assembly language objects. Some of my "C"-files (specifically mm.c) are almost as much assembler as C. It would be "interesting" even to port it to another compiler (though why anybody would want to use anything other than gcc is a mystery). Unlike minix, I also happen to LIKE interrupts, so interrupts are handled without trying to hide the reason behind them (I especially like my hard-disk-driver. Anybody else make interrupts drive a state- machine?). All in all it's a porters nightmare. >As for the features; well, pseudo ttys, BSD sockets, user-mode >filesystems (so I can say cat /dev/tcp/kruuna.helsinki.fi/finger), >window size in the tty structure, system calls capable of supporting >POSIX.1. Oh, and bsd-style long file names. Most of these seem possible (the tty structure already has stubs for window size), except maybe for the user-mode filesystems. As to POSIX, I'd be delighted to have it, but posix wants money for their papers, so that's not currently an option. In any case these are things that won't be supported for some time yet (first I'll make it a simple minix- lookalike, keyword SIMPLE). Linus (torv...@kruuna.helsinki.fi) PS. To make things really clear - yes I can run gcc on it, and bash, and most of the gnu [bin/file]utilities, but it's not very debugged, and the library is really minimal. It doesn't even support floppy-disks yet. It won't be ready for distribution for a couple of months. Even then it probably won't be able to do much more than minix, and much less in some respects. It will be free though (probably under gnu-license or similar).

O Linux atualmente está na versão 5.19 e indo para a versão 6.0.

O kernel Linux evoluiu muito nesses 31 anos, a grande maioria dos dispositivos de hardware tem seus drivers incorporados ao Linux.

Até a Nvidia abriu parte do seu código nos últimos anos.

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Adotado amplamente em tecnologias de ponta.

Sirius, a nova fonte de luz síncrotron brasileira usa GNU/Linux