Kernel
Em computação, o núcleo ou kernel é o componente central do sistema operativo da maioria dos computadores; ele serve de ponte entre aplicativos e o processamento real de dados feito a nível de hardware. As responsabilidades do núcleo incluem gerenciar os recursos do sistema (a comunicação entre componentes de hardware e software).Geralmente como um componente básico do sistema operativo, um núcleo pode oferecer a camada de abstração de nível mais baixo para os recursos (especialmente processadores e dispositivos de entrada/saída) que softwares aplicativos devem controlar para realizar sua função. Ele tipicamente torna estas facilidades disponíveis para os processos de aplicativos através de mecanismos de comunicação entre processos e chamadas de sistema.
Tarefas de sistemas operativos são feitas de maneiras diferentes por núcleos diferentes, dependendo do seu desenho e abordagem. Enquanto núcleos monolíticos tentam alcançar seus objetivos executando todos os códigos de sistema no mesmo espaço de endereçamento para aumentar a performance do sistema, micronúcleos executam a maioria dos serviços do sistema no espaço de usuário como servidores, buscando melhorar a manutenção e a modularidade do sistema operativo.
Novidades do Linux® (kernel) 4.18
From Linus Torvalds <>
Date Sun, 12 Aug 2018 14:08:01 -0700
Subject Linux 4.18
share
One week late(r) and here we are - 4.18 is out there.
It was a very calm week, and arguably I could just have released on
schedule last week, but we did have some minor updates. Mostly
networking, but some vfs race fixes (mentioned in the rc8 announment
as "pending") and a couple of driver fixes (scsi, networking, i2c).
Some other minor random things (arm crypto fix, parisc memory ordering
fix). Shortlog appended for the (few) details.
Some of these I was almost ready to just delay to until the next merge
window, but they were marked for stable anyway, so it would just have
caused more backporting. The vfs fixes are for old races that are
really hard to hit (which is obviously why they are old and weren't
noticed earlier). Some of them _have_ been seen in real life, some of
them probably need explicit help to ever trigger (ie artificial delays
just to show that "yes, this can actually happen in theory").
Anyway, with this, the merge window for 4.19 is obviously open, and
I'll start pulling tomorrow. I already have a couple of dozen pull
requests pending due to the one-week delay of 4.18, but keep them
coming.
Linus
---
Al Viro (5):
root dentries need RCU-delayed freeing
cxgb4: mk_act_open_req() buggers ->{local, peer}_ip on big-endian hosts
fix mntput/mntput race
fix __legitimize_mnt()/mntput() race
make sure that __dentry_kill() always invalidates d_seq, unhashed or not
Alexey Kodanev (1):
dccp: fix undefined behavior with 'cwnd' shift in ccid2_cwnd_restart()
Andrew Lunn (1):
dsa: slave: eee: Allow ports to use phylink
Andrey Ryabinin (1):
lib/ubsan: remove null-pointer checks
Ard Biesheuvel (1):
crypto: arm64 - revert NEON yield for fast AEAD implementations
Bart Van Assche (2):
scsi: qedi: Fix a potential buffer overflow
scsi: sr: Avoid that opening a CD-ROM hangs with runtime power
management enabled
Benjamin Tissoires (1):
gpiolib-acpi: make sure we trigger edge events at least once on boot
Colin Ian King (1):
net: thunderx: check for failed allocation lmac->dmacs
Cong Wang (3):
ipv6: fix double refcount of fib6_metrics
vsock: split dwork to avoid reinitializations
llc: use refcount_inc_not_zero() for llc_sap_find()
Daniel Borkmann (3):
bpf, sockmap: fix bpf_tcp_sendmsg sock error handling
bpf, sockmap: fix leak in bpf_tcp_sendmsg wait for mem path
bpf, sockmap: fix cork timeout for select due to epipe
David Howells (1):
rxrpc: Fix the keepalive generator [ver #2]
Dmitry Bogdanov (1):
net: aquantia: Fix IFF_ALLMULTI flag functionality
George Cherian (1):
i2c: xlp9xx: Fix case where SSIF read transaction completes early
Helge Deller (1):
parisc: Enable CONFIG_MLONGCALLS by default
Huy Nguyen (1):
net/mlx5e: Cleanup of dcbnl related fields
Ivan Khoronzhuk (2):
net: ethernet: ti: cpsw: clear all entries when delete vid
net: ethernet: ti: cpsw: fix runtime_pm while add/kill vlan
Jason Wang (1):
vhost: reset metadata cache when initializing new IOTLB
Jesper Dangaard Brouer (3):
xdp: fix bug in cpumap teardown code path
samples/bpf: xdp_redirect_cpu adjustment to reproduce teardown race easier
xdp: fix bug in devmap teardown code path
Jim Gill (1):
scsi: vmw_pvscsi: Return DID_RESET for status SAM_STAT_COMMAND_TERMINATED
Johannes Thumshirn (3):
scsi: fcoe: fix use-after-free in fcoe_ctlr_els_send
scsi: fcoe: drop frames in ELS LOGO error path
scsi: fcoe: clear FC_RP_STARTED flags when receiving a LOGO
John David Anglin (1):
parisc: Define mb() and add memory barriers to assembler unlock sequences
Juergen Gross (1):
xen/netfront: don't cache skb_shinfo()
Kieran Bingham (1):
MAINTAINERS: GDB: update e-mail address
Linus Torvalds (2):
init: rename and re-order boot_cpu_state_init()
Linux 4.18
Martin KaFai Lau (1):
bpf: btf: Change tools/lib/bpf/btf to LGPL
Minchan Kim (1):
zram: remove BD_CAP_SYNCHRONOUS_IO with writeback feature
Ondrej Mosnacek (1):
crypto: x86/aegis,morus - Fix and simplify CPUID checks
Or Gerlitz (1):
net/mlx5e: Properly check if hairpin is possible between two functions
Quinn Tran (1):
scsi: qla2xxx: Fix memory leak for allocating abort IOCB
Sreekanth Reddy (1):
scsi: mpt3sas: Swap I/O memory read value back to cpu endianness
Ursula Braun (3):
net/smc: no shutdown in state SMC_LISTEN
net/smc: allow sysctl rmem and wmem defaults for servers
net/smc: move sock lock in smc_ioctl()
Willem de Bruijn (1):
packet: refine ring v3 block size test to hold one frame
Xin Long (1):
ip6_tunnel: use the right value for ipv4 min mtu check in ip6_tnl_xmit
Ying Xue (1):
tipc: fix an interrupt unsafe locking scenario
jie@chenjie6@huwei.com (1):
mm/memory.c: check return value of ioremap_prot
Fonte
Instalação
Para quem usa só o free.
Aprenda usar o Debian testing hibrido free.
Para quem habilitou o contrib non-free.
Aprenda usar o Debian testing hibrido contrib non-free.
Para instalar o kernel 4.18 de o comando de acordo com a sua arquitetura.
amd64
sudo apt install linux-image-4.18.0-1-amd64 linux-headers-4.18.0-1-amd64
i386
sudo apt install linux-image-4.18.0-1-686 linux-headers-4.18.0-1-686
Linux® 4.18.0-1 instalado.
O que me chamou a atenção é o baixo consumo de memória Ram e principalmente sem os problemas que tive no 4.17.
Comentários
Postar um comentário
olá, seja bem vindo ao Linux Dicas e suporte !!